Old English - Grammar
Section III: Translation - Old English -> Modern English - Nouns, Adjectives and Pronouns
Glossary
arabic numerals (1–3) indicate weak verbs; roman (I–VII) indicate strong verbs
| agend (masc.) | owner |
| andsaca (masc.) | enemy |
| awoffian (2) | rave, be delirious |
| æghwylc [+ gen] | each (one) |
| æsc (masc.) | (ash) spear |
| beag (masc.) | ring |
| beald | bold |
| bearn (neut.) | child |
| bearu (masc.) | grove |
| beorht | bright |
| beorn (masc.) | warrior |
| beran (IV) | carry |
| bifian (2) | tremble |
| bindan (III) | bind |
| biscop (masc.) | bishop |
| bletsian (2) | bless |
| boc (fem., irreg) | book |
| bot (fem.) | remedy |
| brad | broad |
| bregdan (III) | pull, draw |
| bricg (fem.) | bridge, causeway |
| bricgweard (masc.) | bridge-guardian |
| brim (neut.) | sea |
| bringan (1, irreg) | bring |
| bryttian (2) | give, distribute |
| burþegn (masc.) | chamberlain |
| butan | without |
| cann | knows |
| ceald | cold |
| ceorl | peasant |
| cild (neut.) | child |
| ciric (fem.) | church |
| cuman (IV) | come |
| cwalu (fem.) | death |
| cwen (fem.) | queen |
| cweðan (V) | say |
| cyning (masc.) | king |
| dæd (fem.) | deed |
| dæg (masc.) | day |
| dead | dead |
| deað (masc.) | death |
| draca (masc.) | dragon |
| dysig | stupid |
| eagþyrl (neut.) | window |
| eald | old |
| earg | cowardly |
| eaðe | easy |
| ellen (neut.) | courage |
| Engla land (neut.) | England |
| eorl (masc.) | nobleman |
| etan (V) | eat |
| faran (VI) | go, travel |
| fæge | doomed |
| fæger | fair |
| fæsten (neut.) | fast |
| feallan (VII) | fall |
| fedan (1) | feed |
| fela (+ gen) | many (of) |
| feohtan (III) | fight |
| feond (masc.) | enemy |
| feormian (2) | polish |
| findan (III) | find |
| flan (masc.) | arrow |
| fleam (masc.) | flight |
| flod (masc.) | tide, sea |
| flota (masc.) | sailor |
| forma | first |
| forð | forwards |
| for þam þe | because |
| fot (masc., irreg) | foot |
| fram | from |
| frætwian (2) | decorate |
| fremman (1) | perform |
| freond (masc.) | friend |
| fretan (V) | devour |
| friþ (masc.) | peace |
| frod | experienced |
| gaderian (2) | gather |
| gangan (VII) | go |
| gar (masc.) | spear |
| gear (neut.) | year |
| gearu (gearow-) | ready, prepared |
| gefera (masc.) | companion |
| gelic | like |
| geong | young |
| georn | eager |
| giefan (V) | give |
| gielpan (III) | boast |
| god | good |
| grap (fem.) | grip |
| grimm | fierce |
| gyst (masc.) | stranger, guest |
| habban (3) | have |
| hacele (fem.) | cloak |
| hatan (VII) | command |
| hattefagol (masc.) | hedgehog |
| hæleð (masc.) | hero |
| heafod (neut.) | head |
| healdan (VII) | hold |
| heall (fem.) | hall |
| helm (masc.) | helmet |
| help (fem.) | help |
| helpan (III) | help |
| hergung (fem.) | raiding, harrying |
| hider | hither, in this direction |
| hild (fem.) | battle |
| hladan (VI) | load |
| hlaford (masc.) | lord |
| hund (masc.) | dog |
| hus (neut.) | house |
| hwa | who; someone |
| hwil (fem.) | time |
| hwistlian (2) | hiss, whistle |
| hydan (1) | hide |
| ilca | same |
| isig | icy |
| laf (fem.) | heirloom |
| lang | long |
| lar (fem.) | teaching |
| lað | hateful |
| læran (1) | teach |
| leger (neut.) | lair |
| leoð (neut.) | song |
| lician (2) | please |
| liesan (1) | release |
| lopystre (fem.) | lobster |
| lufian (2) | love |
| lufu (fem.) | love |
| lytel | little, small |
| magan (pret.-pres) | can |
| mann (masc., irreg) | man |
| maþm (masc.) | treasure |
| mearhgehæc (neut.) | sausage meat |
| metan (1) | meet |
| micel | big |
| mid | with |
| mod (neut.) | courage, mind |
| modig | brave, proud |
| modor (fem.) | mother |
| munuc (masc.) | monk |
| nama (masc.) | name |
| nædre (fem.) | snake |
| neat (neut.) | cow, cattle |
| nerian (1) | save |
| niht (fem.) | night |
| nu | now |
| of | of, from |
| ofsceotan (II) | shoot down |
| ofslean (VI) | kill |
| on | on, in |
| onfon (VII, irreg) | receive |
| oþþæt | until |
| preost (masc.) | priest |
| rædan (1) | read |
| ræran (1) | raise |
| ridan (I) | ride |
| rodetacn (neut.) | sign of the cross, crucifix |
| secgan (3) | say, speak |
| sellan (1, irreg) | give |
| sendan (1) | send |
| seon (V) | see |
| sciell (fem.) | shell |
| scinan (I) | shine |
| scip (neut.) | ship |
| scipen (neut.) | shed |
| sculan (pret.-pres) | shall, must |
| scyld (masc.) | shield |
| singan (III) | sing |
| slean (VI) | strike |
| soð (neut.) | truth |
| sprecan (V) | speak, talk |
| standan (VI, irreg) | stand |
| steppan (VI, irreg) | step, advance |
| stow (fem.) | place |
| sweart | dark |
| sweord (neut.) | sword |
| swift | swift, quick |
| swiftlice | quickly |
| til | good |
| to | to, too |
| torn (masc.) | grief |
| toð (masc., irreg) | tooth |
| þær | there/where |
| þeow (masc.) | servant |
| þyncan (1) | seem |
| þyrs (masc.) | ogre, demon |
| ut | out |
| wac | weak, slender |
| wandrian (2) | wander |
| wælstow (fem.) | battlefield |
| wæpen (neut.) | weapon |
| wealdan (VII) | use, wield |
| wel | well |
| wendan (1) | go, turn |
| weorpan (III) | throw |
| weorþan (III) | become |
| wer (masc.) | man |
| werian (1) | defend |
| werod (neut.) | troop, host |
| wesan (V, irreg) | be |
| wicg (neut.) | horse |
| wicing (masc.) | pirate, viking |
| wif (neut.) | woman |
| wiga (masc.) | warrior |
| willan (pret.-pres) | wish, will |
| windan (III) | shake |
| wis | wise |
| wisdom (masc.) | wisdom |
| wiþ | against |
| wlanc | proud |
| word (neut.) | word |
| writan (I) | write |
| wunian (2) | dwell |
| (ge)wyrcan (1) | work, make |
| yfel | bad |
